Head Nurses' Experiences in Clinical Practice Education of Nursing Students: A Qualitative Research / 한국간호교육학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to understand and describe difficulties and needs experienced by head nurses in the clinical practice education of nursing students. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive method was employed. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit participants from four hospitals in South Korea. Twenty-one head nurses participated in the first interview and 17 of them participated in the second interview. Data were collected through two in-depth interviews and field notes were written. Qualitative content analysis method was utilized for data analysis using ATLAS.ti 6.2 software. RESULTS: Thirty-one codes and twelve categories were identified. Four themes emerged from data analysis, which included ‘too many tasks’, ‘limitations of student education’, ‘many differences’, and ‘lack of support and resources.’ CONCLUSION: This qualitative study described head nurses' many difficulties and needs in the clinical practice education of nursing students. The results of this study provide valuable understanding and knowledge of head nurses' experiences in students' clinical education, which leads to improvement of the quality of clinical education for nursing students.

Nursing Staff Views of Barriers to Physical Restraint Reduction in Nursing Homes

PURPOSE: There are few studies globally regarding the barriers to restraint-reduction. The purpose of this study was to describe the views of nursing staff (both nurses and geriatric care assistants) regarding the barriers to reducing physical restraint use in Korean nursing homes. METHODS: Forty registered nurse and geriatric care assistant informants participated in the first round of interviews and 16 of them participated in second confirmatory interviews. All interviews were conducted on site, one-on-one and face-to-face, using semi-structured interview protocols. Qualitative descriptive method was used and qualitative content analysis was employed. RESULTS: Six themes were identified: (a) being too busy, (b) lack of resources, (c) beliefs and concerns, (d) lack of education, (e) differences and inconsistencies, and (f) relationship issues. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study provide a valuable basis for developing restraint reduction education programs. Korean national leaders and nursing homes should develop and employ practice guidelines regarding restraints, support nursing staff to follow the guidelines, provide more practical and professional education, employ alternative equipment, use a multidisciplinary team approach, and engage volunteers in care support as well as employ more nursing staff to achieve restraint-free care.

The Effects of a Dementia Education Program for the Aged

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a dementia education program for Korean older adults who resided in community. METHODS: The research adopted the non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 66 older adults completed the study (31 older adults in the experimental group and 35 in the control group). The Experimental group participated in a six-session dementia education program for three weeks. The effects of the dementia education program were evaluated using the measures of knowledge of dementia and attitude toward dementia. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test with SPSS/WIN 18.0. RESULTS: There was a significant change in the knowledge of dementia in the experimental group (t=2.75, p=.008). Although there was an increase in attitude toward dementia in the experimental group, the change was not statistically significant (t=1.26, p=.212). CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the dementia education program is effective in improving the knowledge of dementia among community-dwelling older adults. There is a need to develop more effective dementia education programs designed to improve older adults' attitude toward dementia. Further research is needed using a highly rigorous research methodology.

The Effects of Dementia Education Program on Certified Geriatric Caregivers in a Nursing Home / 정신간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the long-term effects of a dementia education program for certified geriatric caregivers (CGCs) caring for elders with dementia in a nursing home. METHODS: The research design was one group pretest-posttest design and included 29 CGCs who completed the pre-test, dementia education program, and post-test (immediately after, 1 month after, and 3 months after the completion of the program). The education program was conducted for 3 weeks, and effects of the program were evaluated using measures of knowledge of dementia, care of elders with dementia, work stress, and work satisfaction. RESULTS: Although there was no significant change in the knowledge of dementia, it was significantly improved immediately after the program (Z=-2.03, p=.042). There was a significant change in the care of elders with dementia by the CGCs (chi2=13.37, p=.004), but no significant changes in work stress or work satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that dementia education program is effective in improving knowledge of dementia and care of elders with dementia by CGCs. The results also provide valuable basic data for developing effective dementia education programs for CGCs in nursing homes, but further research is needed using a high quality education programs and research methodology.

The Influence of Culture on the Experiences of Korean, Korean American, and Caucasian-American Family Caregivers of Frail Older Adults: A Literature Review / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this review is to explore cultural influences on the experiences of Korean, Korean American, and Caucasian American family caregivers caring for frail older adults in terms of the selection of a primary caregiver, caregiving motivation, support/help-seeking, and negative emotional responses(depression and burden). METHODS: Seven electronic databases were searched to retrieve studies from 1966 to 2005. Thirty-two studies were identified. RESULTS: This review supported cultural influences on the selection of primary caregiver, caregiving motivation, and support/help-seeking among the three caregiver groups. In Korean caregivers, the major primary caregivers were daughters-in-law while among Korean American and Caucasian American caregivers, the major primary caregivers were daughters or spouses. As a major caregiving motivation, Caucasian American caregivers reported filial affection while Korean caregivers and Korean American caregivers reported filial obligation. Korean caregivers reported higher extended family support, while Caucasian American caregivers reported higher utilization of formal support. Korean caregivers showed the highest levels of depression followed by Korean American caregivers and Caucasian American caregivers. CONCLUSION: In order to develop culturally appropriate interventions and policies, more research is needed to further explain these differences among the three groups, especially regarding support/help-seeking and negative emotional responses.